4.1 Particles (PM2.5)

Overall trends in PM2.5 are generally consistent however there is significant variation in the number of exceedances and higher percentiles depending on events during the year (Table 27 to 31). The number of exceedances and higher percentiles are greater for years were there are significant bushfires like those experienced in 2020. The higher number of exceedances and higher percentiles are not recorded for Alphington due to lack of data as a result of technical problems with the monitor.

Table 27: Alphington PM2.5 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM2.5 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 76.50 7 35.66 27.89 25.94 19.05 13.52 9.01 6.37
2019 67.67 2 30.65 23.71 18.90 16.23 13.34 9.27 6.58
2018 87.40 8 42.01 29.68 27.23 17.46 13.36 8.79 6.52
2017 92.33 8 35.94 27.75 26.60 20.34 15.76 10.17 7.45+
2016 84.15 2 33.62 23.05 22.29 14.53 11.93 8.64 6.24

Table 28: Footscray PM2.5 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM2.5 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 95.90 8 204.50 63.05 29.86 17.59 12.92 8.34 5.79
2019 98.08 4 31.30 23.83 20.43 15.06 12.01 8.66 6.65
2018 88.22 5 31.20 28.32 20.95 15.34 12.52 8.76 6.67
2017 96.44 4 34.77 24.51 20.72 15.53 13.06 9.25 6.75
2016 93.17 2 25.87 19.65 14.60 12.88 11.11 8.41 6.18

Table 29: Geelong South PM2.5 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM2.5 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 86.07 6 155.05 66.48 23.39 15.01 11.71 7.78 5.50
2019 95.62 1 32.68 19.28 16.97 12.85 10.48 7.51 5.53
2018 86.58 1 31.03 21.87 18.43 13.66 10.16 7.70 5.57
2017 83.01 2 26.80 22.27 18.23 13.52 10.89 8.50 6.42
2016 36.34 0 13.53 11.98 10.66 9.69 8.41 6.72 5.24

Table 30: Melbourne CBD PM2.5 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM2.5 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 96.99 10 196.31 69.19 26.92 18.54 12.81 7.67 5.28
2019 93.70 2 27.95 21.59 19.07 14.20 12.35 8.22 5.81
2018 94.79 7 42.14 32.43 23.97 17.07 12.79 9.07 6.81
2017 62.19 3 28.66 26.54 23.74 17.92 13.34 9.62 7.13

Table 31: Traralgon PM2.5 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM2.5 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 89.07 5 236.00 31.42 23.29 18.49 14.49 9.94 6.74
2019 95.07 8 37.40 31.42 26.15 19.23 14.87 10.73 7.48
2018 87.12 2 30.08 23.21 22.26 17.75 13.39 9.66 6.86
2017 86.85 5 32.26 27.98 21.98 18.34 14.85 9.84 7.19
2016 94.81 1 25.69 22.89 20.64 15.63 12.47 9.31 6.91

4.2 Population exposure (PM2.5)

In order to estimate concentrations where there are no EPA air monitoring stations, modelled concentrations of PM2.5 are used. This has been carried out using the CSIRO Air Quality Forecasting (AQFx) system. The modelling results as shown in Figure 28 and Figure 29 show that the highest levels and impacts from the bushfires which occurred in eastern Victoria.

Figure 28: Modelled PM2.5 annual average concentration (µg/m3) for 2020

""

Figure 29: Modelled PM2.5 annual average concentration (µg/m3) for 2019

""

Table 32: Percentage of population exposed to PM2.5 concentrations (µg/m3)

Year              Percentage of population exposed to PM2.5 concentration (µg/m3)
  5     6     7     8     9     10     11     12     13     14     15     20     25     30     35     40  
2020 99.829 99.829 91.942 79.151 54.932 33.198 7.382 0.158 0.121 0.071 0.028 0.006 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.000
2019 99.807 85.991 68.310 52.614 28.180 4.004 2.129 1.227 0.784 0.365 0.263 0.112 0.048 0.024 0.014 0.005

Figure 30

""

4.3 Particles (PM10)

Overall trends in PM10 as shown in Tables 33 to 38 are generally consistent from year to year, however there can be significant variation in the number of exceedances and higher percentiles depending on events during the year. The number of exceedances and higher percentiles are greater for years where there are significant bushfires like those experienced in 2020.

Table 33: Alphington PM10 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM10 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 92.35 7 226.48 68.99 48.01 37.08 28.96 21.98 16.22
2019 95.34 5 69.81 55.26 45.29 37.27 31.98 23.08 16.80
2018 90.96 3 73.99 47.44 46.25 38.33 31.07 22.56 17.34
2017 95.89 0 41.08 32.51 31.22 27.27 24.09 20.00 15.83
2016 94.54 0 37.94 34.23 31.35 27.49 24.21 18.58 14.05

Table 34: Dandenong PM10 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM10 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 91.26 9 259.12 87.27 62.22 37.08 29.81 23.21 17.57
2019 94.52 9 144.03 78.72 56.55 40.81 35.45 26.27 18.24
2018 95.89 3 89.74 47.63 40.59 33.51 28.95 24.08 17.37
2017 23.29 0 37.53 35.29 34.13 29.92 28.00 22.60 16.69
2016 72.13 0 41.78 38.86 34.65 31.81 27.27 20.69 14.47

Table 35: Footscray PM10 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM10 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 87.43 1 50.95 36.12 35.46 31.24 25.93 20.96 15.45
2019 79.73 7 66.92 52.89 51.18 39.85 33.19 24.30 17.38
2018 95.89 1 58.77 46.15 42.31 35.06 29.54 23.44 17.19
2017 91.23 0 49.83 39.53 36.59 30.99 28.09 23.04 17.40
2016 94.26 0 42.66 37.88 35.11 30.05 25.97 20.24 14.18

Table 36: Geelong South PM10 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM10 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 69.40 6 199.41 143.66 61.38 40.11 32.17 25.35 17.96
2019 88.49 11 101.51 70.42 63.85 45.75 36.86 24.16 17.20
2018 93.70 6 97.08 70.13 46.71 41.49 33.85 25.03 17.52
2017 81.10 3 73.73 44.33 39.57 32.41 29.61 22.82 16.43
2016 93.17 5 68.35 57.22 47.29 37.36 30.42 21.94 15.89

Table 37: Mooroolbark PM10 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM10 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 89.07 4 76.06 51.00 38.43 31.01 23.41 18.40 13.91
2019 97.53 4 75.10 49.98 42.61 35.02 30.46 21.57 15.14
2018 95.62 1 111.25 34.65 33.69 29.16 25.31 20.22 15.24
2017 96.16 2 55.45 36.35 31.25 24.49 21.60 18.54 14.39
2016 95.36 0 44.68 32.48 29.70 26.33 22.49 17.43 12.53

Table 38: Traralgon PM10 percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances PM10 percentile concentration (µg/m3)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 90.71 9 236.31 156.55 62.43 32.88 27.07 22.70 17.22
2019 95.07 5 77.99 52.84 46.31 35.91 29.42 22.88 16.70
2018 95.62 0 50.08 34.09 28.49 25.91 22.87 18.85 14.82
2017 91.78 0 42.83 32.17 28.44 24.57 21.75 17.98 14.70
2016 97.54 0 49.19 36.07 30.26 25.45 21.88 17.45 14.02

4.4 Carbon monoxide (CO)

Overall trends in carbon monoxide as shown in Tables 39 to 42 are generally consistent from year to year, however there can be significant variation in the number of exceedances and higher percentiles depending on events during the year. The number of exceedances and higher percentiles are greater for years where there are significant bushfires like those experienced in 2020.

Table39: Alphington 8-hour carbon monoxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances Carbon monoxide percentile concentration (ppm)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 88.52 0 2.25 1.35 1.21 0.99 0.74 0.41 0.22
2019 86.03 0 1.17 0.84 0.73 0.61 0.47 0.35 0.23
2018 92.88 0 1.71 1.27 1.11 0.87 0.70 0.41 0.27
2017 93.15 0 1.49 1.37 1.24 1.12 0.88 0.43 0.31
2016 88.80 0 2.01 1.32 1.18 0.94 0.78 0.49 0.33

Table 40: Footscray 8-hour carbon monoxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances Carbon monixide percentile concentration (ppm)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 92.62 0 2.84 1.30 1.19 0.68 0.49 0.29 0.20
2019 85.21 0 1.11 0.67 0.60 0.47 0.36 0.26 0.18
2018 86.30 0 0.97 0.71 0.64 0.59 0.47 0.29 0.18
2017 91.23 0 1.11 0.91 0.81 0.60 0.47 0.30 0.19
2016 90.44 0 1.35 0.72 0.66 0.55 0.46 0.28 0.18

Table 41: Geelong South 8-hour carbon monoxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances Carbon monoxide percentile concentration (ppm)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 87.98 0 3.04 1.55 0.87 0.62 0.47 0.26 0.19
2019 92.88 0 1.46 0.85 0.71 0.49 0.31 0.22 0.15
2018 81.92 0 1.07 0.81 0.73 0.58 0.44 0.26 0.18
2017 92.33 0 1.01 0.92 0.79 0.48 0.40 0.27 0.19
2016 86.34 0 1.72 0.84 0.80 0.59 0.38 0.25 0.17

Table 42: Traralgon 8-hour carbon monoxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances Carbon monoxide percentile concentration (ppm)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 87.16 0 4.94 2.59 1.24 0.87 0.69 0.49 0.22
2019 90.14 0 1.19 0.96 0.87 0.62 0.54 0.35 0.21
2018 96.16 0 1.23 0.76 0.72 0.65 0.51 0.31 0.19
2017 88.77 0 1.14 0.91 0.84 0.77 0.61 0.37 0.24
2016 95.08 0 1.06 0.76 0.73 0.61 0.52 0.39 0.21

4.5 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)

Overall trends in nitrogen dioxide concentrations as shown in Tables 43 to 46 are generally consistent from year to year.

Table 43: Alphington nitrogen dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances Nitrogen dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 95.08 0 51.5 34.76 32.54 31.46 29.10 23.52 17.10
2019 94.25 0 42.4 37.30 34.67 31.88 29.71 24.80 19.05
2018 96.71 0 50.0 39.48 36.00 33.40 31.00 26.00 20.00
2017 92.60 0 57.0 38.26 36.00 33.00 31.00 27.00 20.00
2016 91.53 0 43.0 37.66 36.00 31.00 28.60 23.00 18.00

Table 44: Footscray nitrogen dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances Nitrogen dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 97.81 0 64.8 39.53 37.84 35.23 32.43 26.67 19.20
2019 97.81 0 49.1 43.52 41.64 36.70 32.54 27.90 21.70
2018 98.63 0 46.0 40.64 38.00 35.05 32.00 27.00 21.00
2017 92.88 0 50.0 47.24 42.48 39.00 35.20 29.00 23.00
2016 95.08 0 52.0 41.24 37.81 35.00 32.33 25.63 20.05

Table 45: Geelong South nitrogen dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances Nitrogen dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 93.44 0 52.8 41.79 35.12 28.40 25.99 21.17 13.85
2019 95.62 0 38.2 34.51 31.34 29.04 25.30 21.20 13.90
2018 88.22 0 51.0 37.58 34.00 29.95 26.00 19.00 14.00
2017 94.79 0 42.0 37.75 34.00 30.00 27.00 21.00 15.00
2016 95.63 0 44.1 36.60 30.95 28.17 25.03 20.60 14.00

Table 46: Traralgon nitrogen dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances Nitrogen dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 92.90 0 32.0 27.86 26.84 25.01 22.90 18.45 12.65
2019 87.67 0 34.7 33.58 31.57 28.71 24.61 19.83 14.05
2018 96.99 0 53.0 31.00 30.00 27.00 25.00 20.00 12.00
2017 90.68 0 34.0 31.00 30.00 27.00 24.00 20.00 13.00
2016 86.61 0 36.0 32.84 30.00 27.00 24.00 20.00 14.00

4.6 Ozone (O3)

Overall trends in ozone concentrations as shown in Tables 47 to 60 are generally consistent from year to year, however there can be significant variation in the number of exceedances and higher percentiles, depending on pollution events during the year. The number of exceedances and higher percentiles are greater for years where there are significant bushfires like those experienced in 2020. This is due to the emissions of chemicals in smoke which can lead to the formation of ozone. The hotter conditions typically associated with major bushfires are also more conducive to ozone formation.

Table 47: Alphington ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 94.81 1 129.2 74.13 65.40 47.24 37.76 30.75 25.90
2019 97.53 1 109.4 69.27 58.15 52.47 43.40 31.72 26.85
2018 97.81 0 80.9 59.00 54.88 49.00 43.00 32.10 28.00
2017 85.75 0 73.0 60.88 57.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 25.00
2016 96.45 0 66.0 58.48 53.96 47.40 37.00 28.00 22.00

Table 48: Dandenong ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 98.09 1 110.9 74.79 55.29 43.11 36.74 30.50 26.4
2019 95.62 1 109.7 68.92 59.60 50.76 43.70 30.90 26.7
2018 97.26 0 93.6 59.92 51.92 45.30 41.00 31.65 27.0
2017 46.85 0 69.0 66.60 61.60 58.00 53.00 41.50 31.0
2016 41.80 0 60.0 58.14 56.96 53.40 46.00 36.00 26.3

Table 49: Footscray ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 98.09 2 117.1 72.78 62.64 43.73 35.52 29.15 25.70
2019 91.23 0 87.8 67.70 60.72 50.28 42.48 30.90 26.00
2018 49.86 0 88.8 70.14 62.52 52.19 47.90 38.00 30.00
2017 98.08 0 79.0 63.00 56.72 51.00 43.30 31.00 27.00
2016 64.48 0 65.3 55.26 52.40 44.23 40.05 30.30 23.55

Table 50: Geelong South ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 93.72 1 113.9 73.96 51.87 44.40 35.0 29.90 27.1
2019 96.16 0 75.8 64.15 59.30 49.10 38.3 30.40 26.9
2018 86.58 0 69.0 61.25 51.40 45.50 39.0 31.23 28.0
2017 97.26 0 67.0 58.00 56.92 48.00 42.0 32.00 29.0
2016 98.09 0 56.0 52.13 47.84 42.82 35.2 28.30 25.4

Table 51: Melton ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 95.08 2 128.3 74.42 62.75 46.62 38.48 32.12 28.7
2019 96.99 0 76.3 69.62 64.28 51.51 47.47 34.38 29.6
2018 98.63 0 85.0 63.23 55.82 48.16 41.80 34.00 30.0
2017 44.38 0 73.0 70.39 68.00 63.95 55.00 46.00 33.0
2016 48.36 0 70.0 62.20 58.48 52.00 46.00 38.00 28.0

Table 52: Point Cook ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 59.56 0 55.6 49.96 46.97 41.32 35.96 32.08 29.8
2019 75.62 0 67.3 65.17 63.05 53.12 44.10 32.20 28.7
2018 98.08 0 81.7 66.00 57.00 48.00 41.00 33.00 30.0
2017 46.58 0 80.0 66.41 62.24 57.55 52.00 41.00 29.0
2016 54.64 0 66.0 61.04 59.00 49.10 43.10 33.00 26.0

Table 53: Traralgon ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 89.89 1 107.5 70.79 56.07 40.94 35.80 29.80 25.50
2019 95.34 0 88.9 66.16 60.25 51.96 43.03 30.90 26.55
2018 50.96 0 67.0 54.45 52.86 47.67 42.00 33.88 27.20
2017 97.81 0 64.0 52.44 48.88 43.00 38.00 30.00 26.00
2016 90.16 0 63.0 50.97 43.42 38.00 33.00 28.00 25.00

Table 54: Alphington 4-hour ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 4hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 92.90 1 119.15 71.57 59.18 43.09 36.14 29.41 24.89
2019 94.25 1 96.80 60.08 54.30 49.11 41.45 30.17 25.37
2018 95.62 0 75.75 54.04 50.59 45.23 38.80 30.78 26.50
2017 83.84 0 67.00 55.50 53.95 47.81 39.12 28.00 24.00
2016 94.54 0 58.25 51.94 50.30 43.75 35.12 26.75 21.67

Table 55: Dandenong 4-hour ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 4hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 96.99 2 98.00 69.13 50.81 39.82 34.27 29.86 25.20
2019 94.52 1 102.33 59.68 56.94 48.83 42.11 29.90 25.33
2018 96.44 1 82.92 56.23 49.50 43.19 38.59 30.33 26.00
2017 46.03 0 64.00 59.00 57.25 53.75 50.90 38.54 29.38
2016 41.26 0 56.50 55.25 53.67 49.06 43.00 33.25 24.65

Table 56: Footscray 4-hour ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 4hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 96.45 2 108.38 68.98 57.61 40.14 34.00 28.27 24.27
2019 84.66 0 77.50 60.53 55.75 47.88 40.24 29.22 24.65
2018 49.86 1 82.17 66.69 58.85 49.47 43.98 35.75 28.25
2017 96.44 0 67.00 58.35 50.75 45.86 39.93 29.75 25.75
2016 63.11 0 52.92 50.85 48.28 41.94 38.17 28.41 22.50

Table 57: Geelong South 4-hour ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 4hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 93.44 2 95.50 63.42 48.29 40.60 33.67 28.95 25.89
2019 94.79 0 69.53 57.73 54.04 45.26 36.81 29.57 25.98
2018 84.38 0 67.25 50.44 47.75 41.63 35.83 30.69 27.12
2017 95.07 0 61.00 56.31 52.00 46.02 39.75 31.00 28.00
2016 97.54 0 51.02 47.22 44.16 38.16 32.32 27.25 24.27

Table 58: Melton 4-hour ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 4hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 93.99 3 119.35 67.63 60.43 43.69 36.67 31.61 27.86
2019 96.16 0 66.25 59.66 57.27 49.50 43.63 32.73 28.72
2018 97.81 0 72.00 56.91 51.85 47.00 40.05 32.50 29.00
2017 44.38 0 66.50 64.17 61.70 59.06 51.65 43.62 31.75
2016 48.09 0 58.25 56.81 52.75 49.38 43.25 35.54 26.62

Table 59: Point Cook 4-hour ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 4hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 59.29 0 50.55 46.30 43.44 38.78 34.58 31.38 29.02
2019 74.79 0 63.20 58.62 57.03 49.79 41.02 30.67 27.82
2018 97.26 0 71.10 61.61 53.78 44.08 38.40 32.00 28.50
2017 46.30 0 70.50 61.67 56.25 55.05 48.55 37.50 28.25
2016 54.37 0 57.00 56.76 55.06 46.00 40.35 32.12 25.50

Table 60: Traralgon 4-hour ozone percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 4hr ozone percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 88.52 1 101.55 62.56 50.80 38.43 33.08 28.44 24.36
2019 94.79 0 75.50 61.29 55.68 48.59 38.88 28.96 24.76
2018 50.96 0 61.25 51.98 50.27 41.73 39.12 31.56 25.62
2017 97.81 0 55.50 48.57 44.97 40.35 35.25 28.67 24.75
2016 89.89 0 58.70 47.18 40.80 35.40 30.80 27.00 23.50

4.7 Sulfur dioxide (SO2)

Overall trends in sulfur dioxide as shown in Tables 61 to 68 are generally consistent from year to year, with most NEPM stations recording values close to the instruments’ limit of detection. Stations such as Altona North, Geelong South and Traralgon are situated near major industrial sources, and show that there is ongoing variation in sulfur dioxide concentrations between years.

Table 61: Alphington sulfur dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr sulfur dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 84.70 0 5.3 4.39 3.85 2.76 2.20 1.4 0.8
2019 90.14 0 10.2 6.17 5.38 3.96 3.22 2.1 1.2
2018 96.99 0 13.0 7.19 6.94 5.00 3.00 2.0 1.0
2017 95.62 0 11.0 6.00 5.04 5.00 4.00 2.0 1.0
2016 91.80 0 9.0 7.65 7.00 5.00 4.00 2.0 1.0

Table 62: Altona sulfur dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr sulfur dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 23.22 0 43.6 41.08 32.98 26.80 19.58 8.70 3.9
2019 47.95 0 35.1 30.14 28.30 25.23 20.84 10.65 4.3
2018 84.93 0 53.0 36.82 34.00 28.55 19.00 11.00 4.0
2017 94.79 0 49.0 37.75 34.00 25.00 18.50 10.00 4.0
2016 92.62 0 44.0 38.00 32.00 24.00 19.00 7.50 3.0

Table 63: Geelong South sulfur dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr sulfur dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 80.60 0 27.4 14.22 8.52 4.45 3.26 1.5 0.6
2019 94.25 0 47.1 26.54 17.80 9.85 5.54 2.2 0.7
2018 89.86 0 29.0 12.46 9.14 7.00 5.00 2.0 1.0
2017 94.52 0 17.0 10.56 8.00 5.00 3.00 2.0 1.0
2016 79.23 0 10.1 7.11 6.44 5.30 4.12 2.3 1.0

Table 64: Traralgon sulfur dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 1hr sulfur dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 91.26 0 30.8 19.21 14.64 9.47 6.84 3.6 1.75
2019 93.15 0 49.9 30.47 26.32 15.24 8.71 5.2 2.80
2018 89.59 0 79.0 38.74 21.86 14.00 10.00 4.0 2.00
2017 94.79 0 63.0 35.60 22.20 11.75 9.00 6.0 3.00
2016 88.25 0 57.0 22.78 17.12 13.72 10.00 6.0 3.00

Table 65: Alphington daily sulfur dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 24hr sulfur dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 84.70 0 2.45 2.01 1.51 1.13 0.86 0.57 0.33
2019 90.14 0 2.10 1.79 1.46 1.21 0.99 0.64 0.37
2018 96.99 0 3.74 1.90 1.52 1.23 1.00 0.57 0.30
2017 95.62 0 2.57 1.79 1.52 1.22 1.00 0.57 0.30
2016 91.80 0 2.26 1.72 1.63 1.14 0.93 0.57 0.26

Table 66: Altona daily sulfur dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 24hr sulfur dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 23.22 0 9.61 9.40 8.02 6.48 4.56 2.43 1.25
2019 47.95 0 7.76 7.09 6.31 4.55 3.01 1.88 1.10
2018 84.93 0 14.91 9.39 8.76 5.42 3.17 1.86 1.02
2017 94.79 0 13.65 8.24 7.10 4.51 3.41 1.91 1.00
2016 92.62 0 13.04 7.94 6.21 4.00 3.05 1.54 0.74

Table 67: Geelong South daily sulfur dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 24hr sulfur dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 80.60 0 2.64 1.70 1.34 1.06 0.84 0.50 0.28
2019 94.25 0 5.09 3.00 2.36 1.58 1.02 0.57 0.21
2018 89.86 0 3.48 2.27 2.04 1.55 1.11 0.69 0.27
2017 94.52 0 2.30 1.81 1.57 1.17 0.91 0.61 0.17
2016 79.23 0 1.99 1.93 1.64 1.41 0.87 0.59 0.26

Table 68: Traralgon daily sulfur dioxide percentiles

Year              Data availability Number of exceedances 24hr sulfur dioxide percentile concentration (ppb)
(% days) (days)   Max     99th     98th     95th     90th     75th     50th  
2020 91.26 0 5.56 3.23 2.33 2.03 1.47 0.94 0.56
2019 93.15 0 8.44 4.25 3.19 2.59 1.85 1.20 0.64
2018 89.59 0 9.57 4.66 3.02 2.12 1.61 0.98 0.48
2017 94.79 0 15.09 6.05 3.63 2.47 2.04 1.35 0.65
2016 88.25 0 6.35 4.72 4.03 2.90 2.26 1.39 0.87
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Analysis of air quality monitoring 2020

Reviewed 21 September 2021