In January 2006, the Victorian Government launched The Yarra River Action Plan to improve the health and amenity of the Yarra River. Faecal pollution entering the Yarra River is generally perceived as the greatest threat to the health of the recreational users of the river. This Guideline titled A Toolkit for Tracing Faecal Contamination in Urban Drains outlines a framework to trace key sources of faecal pollution entering the river and its sub-catchments. It includes standard investigation methodologies and a set of tools to locate, identify and rectify key point sources of faecal pollution. Implementation of the Guideline will ensure responsible Victorian Government agencies address issues associated with faecal contamination of the Yarra River in a coordinated and consistent manner.